တန္ခိုးၾကီးဘုရားမ်ား
Famous Pagodas
The Maha Muni Buddha Image
It is the most revered Buddha image in Mandalay. It is also known as the Maha Myat Muni, or Phaya Gyi. It is the most ancient Buddha image in Myanmar. It was cast in the life-span of Lord Buddha in the seated posture of relaxed deportment, namely Bumi Phasa Mudras, symbolic of His Conquest of Mara.
It is the most revered Buddha image in Mandalay. It is also known as the Maha Myat Muni, or Phaya Gyi. It is the most ancient Buddha image in Myanmar. It was cast in the life-span of Lord Buddha in the seated posture of relaxed deportment, namely Bumi Phasa Mudras, symbolic of His Conquest of Mara.
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In B.C 123, in the reign of King Sanda Thuriya, Monarch of Rakhine-Dharyawaddy, and carry the Image reverently so as to enshrine it at the present site. It took four months to carry the image reverently across the Rakhine Yoma Ranges, by inland route and by waterway a tough and rough journey indeed. The Height of the Maha Muni Buddha Image is 8 Cubits and 1 Maik ( 3.83m ). The altar is 2.13m high. There, 2 bronze Siamese images, 3 bronze lion images and 1 bronze three headed Ayeyawun elephants are housed and displayed in the precinct on the left side of the northern exit passage. Whoever visits Mandalay from local areas or from abroad unfailingly come and pay homage to the Maha Muni Buddha Image.
In the precinct of the Phayagyi is located the " Maha Buddha-Win Beikman ", the Museum of the Life of Buddha. It is a many-tiered building with Myanmar architectural finials. It houses a scenic map showing in old and current terms the spread of Theravada Buddhism, centered in central India, Buddha's birthplace, famous religious edifices in various lands, the routes of Lord Buddha on itinerary, and the routes of King Asoka's sending Buddhist missions to nine regions of nine countries in A.D 3rd century. Illustrations are displayed, which indicate the Four Noble Sites of Lord Buddha, namely, His birthplace, the site where He attained the Enlightenment, the site where he passed away.
The Buddha Images, representing various countries where Buddhism prospers well, and the Buddha Images revered through successive eras are exhibited in the forms of photographs, paintings and sculptures. Not only Buddhists but also foreigners studying Buddhism pay a visit to this museum. On the left side of the eastern passage, in the precinct of the pagoda, is the Sanctuary Pond of Tortoises and on the right side, the Sanctuary Pond of Fish.
Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda ( Mandalay )
The Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda is situated on the Maha Dhamma Yan Thi Hill, to the east of the Yangon-Mandalay Highway, Shar-taw Lay Village, Amarapura Township. The Maha Dhamma Yan Thi Hill was chosen for the site of building the pagoda, and the Parikamma Ground Cleansing Ceremony was celebrated on 6-7-95. On the land which covers 364.23 hectares is built the main shrine of 49.38m in diameter and 49.38m in its Height. It took one year, five months and eight days to complete the construction of the pagoda from the day of the Ground Cleansing Ceremony to the day of Offering the Golden Ornamental Finial to the pagoda. The pagoda's passages face nine directions. Its model is of the late 20th century architectural design, a harmonious combination of the two models of the Ananda Temple of the Bagan Period and the Shwedagon of Yangon. It evokes awe and reverence in the beholder. In the nine gateways are enshrined nine Buddha images in the posture of nine Mudras, and are entitled the sacred Nine Attributes of Lord Buddha.
The pagoda enshrines over two thousand Buddha images. It has gilded pillars, teak pillars and a gold painted lacquer canopy, the very work of superb craftsmanship. What is of great significance about the pagoda is that with the enshrining of the Buddha tooth relic, it can be entitled as the Dhatu Ceti, while, with the housing of the Buddha Images, it can also be entitled as the Ganda Kudi Taik Kyanung Taw. The Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda was built at the cost of 40.35 lakhs of kyats with the subsidiary fund of the government and the people's donations. The tooth relic casket's value is over 320 lakhs of kyats, having a thirty one step gold Mt.Meru stair embedded with jade, a silver altar, nine jade Buddha images and eight jade columns. The entrance gateway of the Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda, Mandalay, was donated by Mandalay City Development Committee, and was opened on 9-12-96. Not only local pilgrims but also tourists visit and pay obeisance at the pagoda, offering donations.
Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda ( Mandalay )
It is situated to the south of the Mandalay Hill, at its foot. The donor was King Mindon. Starting from M.E 1266, the gigantic alabaster rock was sculptured, and after three years in M.E 1296, it was completed. It was at the Sakyin Hill, 51.48km away from Mandalay in M.E 1266 that a gigantic alabaster rock shining white was found by the Ayeyawaddy. The rock was carried up and was sculptured at Sakyin Village. Then it was carried reverently aboard the Mya Nan Sekkya Village under the supervision of the Kanaung Prince to the Royal City. The Anekaja Ceremony and the Libation Ceremony were held and the Kyauktawgyi Buddha Image was donated for all pilgrims' worship. When King Mindon passed away, the Ganda Kudi Religious Edifice of the Buddha Image and the Prayer Hall were built by the Nyaung Shwe Shan lords. In the precinct around the pagoda are small brick shrines which house the eighty Arahat images. In each of the four corners of the precinct is grown a Bodhi tree carried reverently from Sri Lanka. ( Today, however, only one Bodhi tree can be Marazein Buddha Image is 8.07 metres and its weight, 901620.12kg. Before the existence of the Lawka Chan Tha Abaya Larba Muni Buddha Image, it was formerly the world largest alabaster Buddha image. The pagoda festival is held annually from 11th waxing day of Thadingyut to 3rd waning day, and is the most crowded pagoda festival in Mandalay.
The Maha Lawka Marazein Kutho Taw Pagoda
In the precinct of the Phayagyi is located the " Maha Buddha-Win Beikman ", the Museum of the Life of Buddha. It is a many-tiered building with Myanmar architectural finials. It houses a scenic map showing in old and current terms the spread of Theravada Buddhism, centered in central India, Buddha's birthplace, famous religious edifices in various lands, the routes of Lord Buddha on itinerary, and the routes of King Asoka's sending Buddhist missions to nine regions of nine countries in A.D 3rd century. Illustrations are displayed, which indicate the Four Noble Sites of Lord Buddha, namely, His birthplace, the site where He attained the Enlightenment, the site where he passed away.
The Buddha Images, representing various countries where Buddhism prospers well, and the Buddha Images revered through successive eras are exhibited in the forms of photographs, paintings and sculptures. Not only Buddhists but also foreigners studying Buddhism pay a visit to this museum. On the left side of the eastern passage, in the precinct of the pagoda, is the Sanctuary Pond of Tortoises and on the right side, the Sanctuary Pond of Fish.
Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda ( Mandalay )
The Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda is situated on the Maha Dhamma Yan Thi Hill, to the east of the Yangon-Mandalay Highway, Shar-taw Lay Village, Amarapura Township. The Maha Dhamma Yan Thi Hill was chosen for the site of building the pagoda, and the Parikamma Ground Cleansing Ceremony was celebrated on 6-7-95. On the land which covers 364.23 hectares is built the main shrine of 49.38m in diameter and 49.38m in its Height. It took one year, five months and eight days to complete the construction of the pagoda from the day of the Ground Cleansing Ceremony to the day of Offering the Golden Ornamental Finial to the pagoda. The pagoda's passages face nine directions. Its model is of the late 20th century architectural design, a harmonious combination of the two models of the Ananda Temple of the Bagan Period and the Shwedagon of Yangon. It evokes awe and reverence in the beholder. In the nine gateways are enshrined nine Buddha images in the posture of nine Mudras, and are entitled the sacred Nine Attributes of Lord Buddha.
The pagoda enshrines over two thousand Buddha images. It has gilded pillars, teak pillars and a gold painted lacquer canopy, the very work of superb craftsmanship. What is of great significance about the pagoda is that with the enshrining of the Buddha tooth relic, it can be entitled as the Dhatu Ceti, while, with the housing of the Buddha Images, it can also be entitled as the Ganda Kudi Taik Kyanung Taw. The Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda was built at the cost of 40.35 lakhs of kyats with the subsidiary fund of the government and the people's donations. The tooth relic casket's value is over 320 lakhs of kyats, having a thirty one step gold Mt.Meru stair embedded with jade, a silver altar, nine jade Buddha images and eight jade columns. The entrance gateway of the Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda, Mandalay, was donated by Mandalay City Development Committee, and was opened on 9-12-96. Not only local pilgrims but also tourists visit and pay obeisance at the pagoda, offering donations.
Buddha Tooth Relic Pagoda ( Mandalay )
It is situated to the south of the Mandalay Hill, at its foot. The donor was King Mindon. Starting from M.E 1266, the gigantic alabaster rock was sculptured, and after three years in M.E 1296, it was completed. It was at the Sakyin Hill, 51.48km away from Mandalay in M.E 1266 that a gigantic alabaster rock shining white was found by the Ayeyawaddy. The rock was carried up and was sculptured at Sakyin Village. Then it was carried reverently aboard the Mya Nan Sekkya Village under the supervision of the Kanaung Prince to the Royal City. The Anekaja Ceremony and the Libation Ceremony were held and the Kyauktawgyi Buddha Image was donated for all pilgrims' worship. When King Mindon passed away, the Ganda Kudi Religious Edifice of the Buddha Image and the Prayer Hall were built by the Nyaung Shwe Shan lords. In the precinct around the pagoda are small brick shrines which house the eighty Arahat images. In each of the four corners of the precinct is grown a Bodhi tree carried reverently from Sri Lanka. ( Today, however, only one Bodhi tree can be Marazein Buddha Image is 8.07 metres and its weight, 901620.12kg. Before the existence of the Lawka Chan Tha Abaya Larba Muni Buddha Image, it was formerly the world largest alabaster Buddha image. The pagoda festival is held annually from 11th waxing day of Thadingyut to 3rd waning day, and is the most crowded pagoda festival in Mandalay.
The Maha Lawka Marazein Kutho Taw Pagoda
It is situated at about 274.2m from the foot of the Mandalay Hill, to the southeast of the Mandalay Hill. The pagoda was built by King Mindon in M.E 1221. Its height is 57.27m. It was completed along with the construction of three great walls in M.E 1224. 
Within these three walls, in the 5.26hectres wide precinct, the Buddhist scriptures of the Three Baskets were inscribed on stone slabs and housed in shrines, the total number of the inscriptions being 729. This task of meritorious deed was completed in M.E 1230. The inscriptions were inscribed on alabaster slabs of 1.52m long, 1.06m wide and 0.15m thick, and about 0.46m of the slab was erected in the ground. It is figuratively called the World's Biggest Book. With the public donated money, an ornamental umbrella of stone was offered to shelter each standing inscription slab so as to preserve the inscriptions through time and changes. Between one cave-shrine housing the inscription slab and another were systematically grown star-flower trees and Madhuca longifolia at equal distances under the supervision of the Moe Bye Sit-ke ( Second-in-command of a military unit ) in M.E 12
54. Today visitors to the pagoda can pay obeisance to the Buddha Image, and enjoy sweet recreation beneath the sweet-smelling, cool, shady trees.The Sanda Muni Cast Buddha Image
The Sanda Muni Buddha Image is situated to the east of the Kyauktaw Gyi Pagoda. It was cast by King Bodawpaya before the founding of the city Mandalay. During the time of building the Great Mingun Pagoda, during King Bodawpaya's temporary reign in Nan Taw Kyun ( "the Royal Palace Island" ), the image was cast out of 18563.94kg of iron in M.E 1164, and was carried reverently to the Royal City of Amarapura. In the reign of King Bagyitaw, the Buddha Image was carried reverently to Yadanapura Inwa, and, after being paid obeisance there for some time, was carried reverently back to Amarapura in the reign of King Shwe Bo. In M.E 1229, the Buddha Image was carried reverently to Mandalay, and was enshrined on the Royal Palace Ground of the Nan Mye Bon Tha, King Mindon's temporary royal residence. The Buddha Image, being endowed with the graceful attributes of the Full Moon, is entitled as the Sanda Muni.
In M.E 1229, the temporary palace apartments were destroyed and the bodies of the Grown Prince and his sons Prince Malum, Prince Saku and Prince Pyinsi, who were killed during the Myin Kun Uprising, were buried and entombed. At the distance ( .91m) from the tombs, the Sandarmuni Buddha Image was enshrined in a tier-roof brick building. The pagoda was called the Sandarmuni pagoda after the Image.
In M.E 1275, the Hermit U Khanti built with the donations of the people the Dhamma Ceti, 508 shrines housing the inscriptions, 1524 inscriptions recording the Pitakas of the Three Baskets, five Nikayas and commentaries on Buddhist Pali texts ( in total, 758 Dhamma Ceti shrines and 1774 inscription slabs ).
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